The Evolution of Barcode Symbologies: Why Code 39 May Not Be Your Best Choice Anymore
Since the early 1980s, barcodes have revolutionized the way businesses identify, track, and manage assets, equipment, and processes. Barcodes simplified data capture, enabling quicker and more accurate inventory management and process control. In the “early days,” selecting barcode symbologies wasn’t complicated, as there were only a few options available. However, as technology has advanced, so have the choices for barcode symbologies. Today, companies have a wide range of options to choose from, each suited to different applications.
One of the earliest and most popular barcode symbologies was Code 39, developed by Intermec in 1974. It quickly became the de facto standard for non-retail barcode applications. Code 39 is an alphanumeric symbology that includes 43 characters (letters, numbers, and seven special characters) and gained significant momentum throughout the 1980s. However, with the rise of new symbologies and technologies, it’s worth asking: Is Code 39 still the best option today?
The answer, in most cases, is no. But that doesn’t mean Code 39 is obsolete or a poor choice—it simply means that there are now better options depending on the application. Let’s explore why.
Barcode Symbologies: Code 128 vs. Code 39
If your application requires a 1D symbology, Code 128 offers some clear advantages over Code 39. One of the most notable features of Code 128 is its support for the full ASCII character set, compared to the limited character set of Code 39. This means that Code 128 can encode a greater variety of characters, making it more versatile for a wider range of uses.
Another key feature of Code 128 is its built-in check character, which is essential for ensuring data integrity. The check character is an algorithm that verifies whether the barcode has been read correctly, helping to prevent errors in case of damage or wear on the barcode. Code 39 doesn’t have a built-in check character, although a MOD43 check character can be added. Unfortunately, in our experience, very few customers understand how to use this feature in Code 39, leaving them vulnerable to potential errors.
In addition, Code 128’s Subset C (or Code C) offers a way to compress numeric-only characters by stacking them as pairs, allowing for a shorter barcode. This can be particularly useful when space is limited, or when a more compact barcode is needed for cost or efficiency reasons. These features make Code 128 an attractive option when you need flexibility, reliability, and space efficiency.
In summary, while Code 39 has served businesses well for decades, Code 128 offers the following benefits:
- Access to the full ASCII character set for greater flexibility.
- Built-in check character for improved data integrity.
- The ability to compress numeric characters for a shorter, more space-efficient barcode.
The Rise of 2D Symbologies: DataMatrix and QR Codes
In recent years, 2D symbologies like DataMatrix and QR codes have gained popularity due to their ability to store large amounts of data in a small space. For example, the U.S. Department of Defense’s IUID (Item Unique Identification) system requires global asset tracking information such as issuing agency, part number, and serial number to be concatenated into a single string. A 1D barcode would result in a lengthy and impractical string of characters. In contrast, a DataMatrix symbol, with its built-in redundancy (which allows the code to be read even if part of it is damaged), provides an efficient and compact solution for asset tracking.
Another advantage of DataMatrix is its flexibility in size. It can encode large amounts of data in a small area, which is useful in industries like aerospace and medical equipment where space is limited, but asset tracking and identification are critical. Additionally, modern imagers can read both 1D and 2D barcodes, giving businesses the option to use multiple symbologies depending on their needs.
QR (Quick Response) codes, on the other hand, were initially designed for consumer-facing applications. Scanning a QR code with a smartphone gives consumers instant access to information about a product, such as promotional materials or web pages. However, QR codes are no longer limited to point-of-sale or retail applications. With the development of smartphone apps, businesses can now use QR codes for asset tracking and management without needing a dedicated barcode scanner.
QR codes offer significant flexibility and have the added advantage of being easily scanned by any device with a camera, such as smartphones or tablets. This makes them a cost-effective solution for businesses that may not have the budget to invest in specialized scanning equipment. Additionally, because QR codes are 2D symbologies, they can store far more information than traditional 1D barcodes, making them an excellent choice for applications where detailed information needs to be encoded.
Conclusion: Consider Your Options Beyond Code 39
The world of barcode technology has come a long way since the early days of Code 39. While it remains a reliable option, Code 128 and 2D symbologies like DataMatrix and QR codes offer superior capabilities for many modern applications. Whether you need a compact, data-rich barcode for asset tracking or an easy-to-scan QR code for consumer engagement, there are now better options designed to meet your specific needs.
If you’re still unsure about which barcode symbology is right for your business, don’t hesitate to reach out. We can help you determine the best solution for your asset tracking and data capture needs. Contact us at [email protected] for expert advice and guidance.
Remember, choosing the right barcode can enhance your efficiency, accuracy, and overall productivity—so make sure you’re using the best option available for your application!
About the Author: Marianne Alvarado
Mobile Phone: 641-529-9492
Office Phone: 641-423-9460
Email: [email protected]
Office: 3360 9th St. SW, Mason City, IA 50401